Sufis and Achaeans

One of the dominant ideological trends of the XI-XII centuries was a spiritual tasawwuf for establishing the XI century to the ideological direction, economic and socio-political setting of the Sufi thinkers and their individual life paths. Among the Sufis of the time hardly tended to select as a murshid one of the influential Sufi sheikhs and attempt to continue his path in a sequential order. In the best case, with the exception of a few cases between Murshid and Murids relations were as a teacher and student. Principles in detail to learn the teaching, study the phenomenon, and together were most likely an individual character. Since the end of X century begin to form and propagate artificial communities.

Sufi murids living in the community (Ribat, Zawiya, heneke, Tekke) or isolated in their homes. While almost became a tradition in rendering honors Ribat and Zawiya in general education in the passage of prominent Sufi in a certain time.

Sufism, according to the teachings of individual thinkers, by the branch turned into a certain order. In the XII century have such Sufi (dervish) Order, as Suhrawardis (founders - Abunnadzhib Suhrawardi and his nephew Abuhafz Suhrawardi), Rifai (Rifai Ahmed ibn Ali (1106-1182)) Kadyrov (Abdulgadir Abusalih Jilly Gilani (...- 1166), Kubraviya (Najmaddin Kubrani (1145-1221), Yasawi (Ahmed ibn Ibrahim Yasawi (1078-1166), etc. Beyond these orders in full formation evolved already in the flow. Tasawwuf developed in two directions: motadil and ifrat. Motadily Sufis-held principles of Islamic monotheism, and Sufism, ifrat tended to pantheism. In Azerbaijan, prominent representatives of Sufism were motadil Omar Mohammed oglu Shuhravardi (1063-1137), his nephew Abunnajib Abdulgahir Abdulla oglu Shuhravardi (1097-1168).

In view Abunnajib Shuhravardi tasawwuf begins and ends on Sharia reality, his way of moral perfection. The first stage is characterized by science, the second step - the actions of a third - in vain. The Sufi doctrine Abunnajib Shuhravardi was continued and developed by his nephew Mohammed Omar Abugavs Shuhravardi oglu (1145-1234), who was a great Sufi thinker, jurist, a prominent and influential statesman, diplomat.

Some moral and ethical and political views, reflected in tasawwuf were fueled an ideology that existed at the time Achaeans currents, and galandarism melametism.

Achaeans in the Middle Ages held various public positions. According to sources, Achaeans are farmer, merchant, Sufi, Amir, Ghazi. The members of the Achaean community, in contrast to the ability to make some Sufi community does not live by alms, and lived at the expense of honest work. Achaeans belonged to Sunni Islam, but rather positively addressed issues of freedom of thought and religion.

Among the thinkers sufi ifrat direction in Azerbaijan in XI-XII centuries were especially popular and Mohammed Bakuvi Abdulfaradzh Zanjani.

Galandiry accused of violating Shariat law, dismissive attitude to religious ceremonies, no namaz, not to fast, do not comply with official regulations.

Achaeans, galandarys, melamets and, unlike the Sufis were practical, the theoretical questions have no effect.